The Tragedy Of The Holocaust - 1540 Words

Tragic events strike the world in many different forms; from simple shootings to ethnic genocides. Although theses acts of hatred sound widespread and diverse in the cause; it is the indifference and ruthlessness that an individual portrays. This sort of behavior accommodates society and encourages people to accept and follow its routine and principles, such as the events that took place during the Holocaust. During the time period of 1933 to 1945, Adolf Hitler, an Austrian World War I veteran, decided to partake in twisted behavior. Hitler believed that in order to do his nation justice, the nation needed an ethnic cleansing. This ethnic cleansing involved choosing to degrade and torture the lives of millions of people and most of these people were Jews. However, not only did he kill and demean a certain group of people, he also encouraged others to follow behind him in his hatred. During the Holocaust people treated the Jews as if they were inferior human beings, or rather, anima ls as they were thrown in concentration camps under strict supervision and ripped from the arms of their loved ones (History). This horrific event, still today, does not seem to elude the memories and the thoughts of many Jews or those of anyone else whom were affected by this event. The events of the Holocaust changed the modern world’s perspective on human rights by demonstrating how cruel, remorseless, and apathetic humans can be. Realization. The beginning step in every conflict ofShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1708 Words   |  7 PagesThe Holocaust is, by definition, a tragedy. HaShoah, the Hebrew word for the Holocaust, translates to â€Å"the catastrophe.† The very notion of humor during the Holocaust may seem incongruous, appalling, and wildly inappropriate. Tragedy is seen as serious, while comedy is typically lighthearted in nature. However, there is precedence for ‘comic relief,’ the presence of humor in tragedy with the desired e ffect to relieve tension. Frequently, comic relief is used so that tragedy does not overshadow usRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust945 Words   |  4 PagesSince the terrorist attack on Paris, to the natural disasters in Haiti; there have been a variety of tragic events that have occurred throughout history across the world. Perhaps one main tragedy that leaves people feeling baffled is the Holocaust. Eric Lichtblau described the Holocaust in his article, The Holocaust Just Got More Shocking, as a genocide in which Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany and its associates killed approximately six million Jewish people because the Nazis believed that exterminatingRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1599 Words   |  7 Pagesassigned Adolf Hitler as their chancellor. Once Hitler had finally reached power he set out to complete one goal, create a Greater Germany free from the Jews (â€Å"The reasons for the Holocaust,† 2009). This tragedy is known today as, â€Å"The Holocau st,† that explains the terrors of our histories past. The face of the Holocaust, master of death, and leader of Germany; Adolf Hitler the most deceitful, powerful, well spoken, and intelligent person that acted as the key to this mass murder. According to a researchRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust922 Words   |  4 PagesFrom the terrorist attack on Paris, to the natural disasters in Haiti; there have been a variety of tragic events that have occurred throughout history across the world. Perhaps one main tragedy that leaves people feeling baffled is the Holocaust. Eric Lichtblau described the Holocaust in his article, The Holocaust Just Got More Shocking, as a genocide in which Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany and its associates killed around six million Jewish people because the Nazis believed that exterminating the JewishRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1063 Words   |  5 Pagesreligious family and a tough culture surrounding him, the Holocaust effected his li fe to the extreme but along with all his suffering and the tragedies in his life the Holocaust did not take him. He stuck by his believes and made it out alive. Born in Vilna with pride, it gave an eminent name to the Jewish people. He has four sisters, Rachel, Sonia, Doba and _. Also his mother and father, nephews and nieces. All but Rachel and he died of the Holocaust. In Vilna the Jews lived on one side of the street andRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust3499 Words   |  14 Pageshowever, the holocaust seems to be the huge adversity to overcome. The holocaust has taught the society many things; although the world has not exactly learned from the experiences entirely. The holocaust is a learning experience still today, so that this generation will not repeat the same drastic measures. Many people today seem to think that the holocaust never happened; in spite of this, there are those that disagree. I have had the opportunity to listen to a firsthand account of the tragedy that happenedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1415 Words   |  6 PagesPrior to the holocaust, however, he exhibits none of these characteristics. He was kind, wealthy, and uncommonly resourceful, and his marriage to Anja was filled with compassion, intimacy, and love. Where now Vladek is now stubborn, irritable, and almost comically stingy with his money. His experiences in the Holocaust undoubtedly played a role in these dramatic personality changes. It wasn’t until the war started that Vladek got a little more precautious about a few things. Whenever a bad thingRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesWithin the era of 1933 to 1945, races struggled through times of gloom, torment and hopelessness. The Holocaust was hard on numerous people, with little survivors and still influences individuals present lives today. The majority of the anguish was brought about as a result of one man’s conviction, that had the capacity to impact a whole nation. The holocaust was a genocide that was exclusively centered around hatred found in Germany. Propaganda was one of the main causes, which conditioned the p eopleRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1034 Words   |  5 PagesIn every moment, people make choices that impact society, continually shaping history. During the Holocaust, when the Nazi Party incarcerated millions of Jews, ordinary European citizens and their everyday decisions and shaped history through an amass of cause and effects. Their decisions were greatly influenced by their understanding of the universe of obligation, which sociologist Helen Fein defines as â€Å"the circle of individuals and groups ‘toward whom obligations are owed, to whom rules applyRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1970 Words   |  8 PagesThe Holocaust, 9/11, wars and assassinations are common events that come to mind when thinking about history. These events tend to make people think that mankind is evil and will always choose to be evil. However, when looking at the people behind the evil doings, are they really killing for a selfish reason? Mankind will always do good for their nat ion, no matter the cost. While most powerful leaders end up hurting many people, they either have good intentions behind the mask of people suffering

Theories of Growth of Small Scale Enterprises - 3310 Words

Theories of Growth of Small Enterprises Various theoretical models have been developed which describe the growth of small businesses. One class of theoretical models focus on the learning process, either active or passive, and the other models refer to the stochastic and deterministic approaches. In the passive learning model (Jovanic 1982 cited in Liedholm 2001), a firm enters a market without knowing its own potential growth. Only after entry does the firm start to learn about the distribution of its own profitability based on information from realized profits. By continually updating such learning, the firm decides to expand, contract, or to exit. This learning model states that firms and managers of firms learn about their†¦show more content†¦These include in the first place the capital of the entrepreneurs themselves, occasionally supplemented with capital or loans from family members or friends. In line with this, Liedholm and Mead (1999) stated that initial investments in developing countries are almost wholly financed from personal savings or those of relatives and friends and subsequent investments are financed largely from retained earnings. The empirical evidence shows that small businesses owners do not come from a particular social background and education, rather their business experience is developed through opportunities provided by the social background, and family links in their locality (Liedholm 2001). A study by Daniels (1995) cited in Liedholm 2001 and Stel et al 2002 indicates that initial capital requirements and the level of regulation are found to be inversely related to the new start up of businesses. Potential entrants face various obstacles. According to Kawai and Urata 2001, the three most obstacles are lack of financial resources, lack of human resources and difficulties in developing distribution network. Financial constraints on the start up of new ventures have received much attention in developing countries (USAID 2002). The measures of financial constraints include the size, number and source of loans, the rate and amount of reinvested profit,Show MoreRelatedBusiness Management : The Financial Manager Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pagesreturn to the enterprise owner(s). 3) Dividend Policy: The financial manager is responsible for deciding the dividend policy of the enterprise. In a small scale enterprise, the responsibility of the financial manager would include that of determining how to allocate the profit from the to the various owner. 4) Working Capital Management: It is especially around the management of cash, debtor, prepayments, stocks, creditors, short term loans, accruals, etc to make sure that enterprise maximizes theRead MoreInformal Employment And The Global Economy954 Words   |  4 PagesSince the 1970s, in both the developed and developing worlds, the global economy has experienced a slowing down in the growth of modern of formal sector employment. Particularly in Latin America and Africa, most countries have been in the growth of informalisation and flexibilisation; although some countries in Asia have gone through moderate growth of modern economy (ILO, 1995). In 1995, World Bank estimates that beyond direct government control and the reach of trade unions, the share of the workRead MoreEconomic Growth And Development Of Lagos And Nigeria958 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussions Contribution to Development The clustered nature of SMEs in Lagos and Zhenjiang gives room for economies of scale ,ideally it is expected to facilitate synergy, specialization, cost reduction via the use of infrastructural facilities available and supply chain processes (Lee et al, 2010).The realities present a sharp disparity while most clusters in Zhenjiang have a well structured supply chain with a robust e-commerce platform that facilitates international businesses, clusters in LagosRead MoreSme Sectors Benefits to the Economy1713 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness that has less than 250 employees. SME: small and medium-sized enterprises are defined by the European Commission as independent enterprises that have fewer than 250 employees, and an annual turnover not exceeding  £34 million or a balance-sheet total not exceeding  £29 million (new Recommendation 2003/361/EC adopted by commission on 6 May 2003). This revised definition came into force on 1 January 2005. Within this definition micro enterprises are categorised as having fewer than 10 employeesRead MoreEffect of Internal Controls on Financial Performance11978 Words   |  48 Pageslonger remain behind serving only to meet sustenance income for their owners. SMEs engagements have to become a dynamic and integral part of the market economy. The identification of factors that determine new venture performance such as survival, growth or profitability has been one of the most central fields of entrepreneurship research (Sarasvathy, 2004). 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It wouldRead MorePersonal Goals And Abilities Of A Social Enterprise1361 Words   |  6 Pages2008) â€Å"A social enterprise is thought to be something new and something distinct from classical business and traditional non-profit activity, combining at different extents elements of the social purpose, the market orientation and financial performance standards of business†. When looking at starting up a social enterprise there are important points that need to be looked at the help ensure the enterprise is successful. Firstly before the start up of a social or technological enterprise there are issuesRead MoreEntrepreneurship in Australia Essay1163 Words   |  5 Pagesan astonishing speed in present-day society. Business, which is divided into large, medium and small business, has become a primary symbol of the development of market economy. Entrepreneurship is defined as the process, brought about by individuals, of identifying new opportunities and converting them into marketable products or services(Schaper and Volery 2007, 4), and it is often related to small business. This essay will argue that the level of entrepreneurship in Australia is higher, comparedRead MoreThe Theory Of Economic Development Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe theory of economic development has equipped the underdeveloped countries with a choice between ‘balanced’ and ‘unbalanced’ growth that has been one of the most tendentious topics. One group advocates the theory of Balanced Growth and r efutes, in almost unequivocal terms, the virtues and utility of the doctrine of Unbalanced Growth, which the other group endorses with great insistence. These approaches towards economic development have been expounded and interpreted in various ways in the literatureRead MoreLenovo Strategic Plan1531 Words   |  7 PagesThis thesis practices the baud five powers model theory, the value chain theory, the core competition theory and the SWOT analysis theory to analyze and study the inner and outer surroundings of Lenovo group. Company background Lenovo Group was established in 1984 in the Chinese Beijing, the company mainly produces desktop computer, notebook computer, server, printer, palmtop computer, motherboards, mobile phone and other electronic products. Is a leading global PC business, the original Lenovo

Diagnosis and Management of Osteoarthritis †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Diagnosis and Management of Osteoarthritis. Answer: Introduction: Levett-Jones clinical reasoning is the important aspect of nursing which is useful for identifying and prioritising nursing care issues. Levett-Jones clinical reasoning is a stepwise approach consisting of different steps like considering patient, collecting information, processing information and identifying problems for prioritising nursing problems. Millers Functional Consequences Theory is applied in identifying these care prioritise. Remaining four steps in the clinical reasoning cycle are establishing goals, taking action, evaluating outcomes and reflecting on the case. These four steps can be useful in the planning care and evaluating outcome of the provided care. In this paper, case of the Amalie is discussed. Using Levett-Jones clinical reasoning cycle all the information related to Amalie is collected and also based on the symptoms exhibited by the Amalie and referrals of GP, priority nursing issues for Amalie are established. Appropriate care planned for the Amalie with re spect to the identified nursing prioritise (Hunter, 2016; Levett-Jones, 2013). Cultural background and dignity of the Amalie is considered in identifying nursing prioritise and providing care to her. This is case of Mrs Amalie Jones, who is 89 years old woman. She is living alone in a single-story home. Her husband Henry passed away two years ago. Dominik is her son who lives in Germany but has been visiting her frequently. Tracy is her daughter who regularly visits her because she is residing in Australia. Other members of Henry also resided in Australia and regularly visits her. She was active during her tenure as teacher and fundraising activist during in local Catholic Church. In last two years her health gets deteriorated as a result she is not participating in any activities. She has developed dry macular degeneration and also associated with hypothyroidism, rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. She is not eating properly and losing weight consistently. She is experiencing mobility problem due to rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. As a result, she is not visiting her friends and members of German association. Her doctor is concerned that she is not eating properly and losing weight consistently. After assessment, her GP stated symptoms like joint stiffness, swollen feet and enlarged joints, painful joints like knee, hip, figures and back and limited joint movement. Along with these symptoms, GP also stated symptoms like constipation, occasional dizziness, vision deficit, non-significant weight loss and occasional non-adherence to medication consumption due to pain. She is consuming medications like paracetamol, ibuprofen, thyroxine and hydroxychloroquine. Process information: Her symptoms like stiffness, swelling and pain in the different joints are related to rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. Both rheumatoid and osteoarthritis are chronic conditions. Osteoarthritis is more degenerative as compared to the rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis occurs due to wear and tear of the joints and rheumatoid arthritis occurs due to inflammation of joints and autoimmunity also plays role in occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis (Kourilovitch, Galarza-MaldonadoC and Ortiz-Prado, 2014). Wear and tear mainly occurs due to degradation and loss of articular cartilage. In rheumatoid arthritis, stiffness, swelling and pain occurs in multiple joints and in osteoarthritis it occurs in joints like hands, fingers or knees (Kung and Bykerk, 2014; MacDonald, Sanmartin, Langlois and Marshall, 2014). Due to both the types of arthritis, Amalies almost all the joints exhibiting stiffness, swelling and pain. Age is the greater risk factor for osteoarthritis. Osteophytes are more common in o lder people however radiographic evaluation cannot corelate radiographic severity and pain. Degeneration of musculoskeletal system and age related anatomical changes are responsible for osteoarthritis (Abhishek and Doherty, 2013). Her symptoms like constipation and occasional dizziness might be due to less consumption of food. However, according to GPs referral her body weight is not reduced despite less consumption of food. With the development of the disease, patients with rheumatoid arthritis develop loss of weight loss and appetite loss. However, patients with osteoarthritis doesnt develop these types of symptoms. Due to loss of appetite, she is not consuming proper food. Vision deficit is very common age-related phenomenon due to macular degeneration. It can result, either blurred or no vision can occur in patients due to damage to macula of retina. Amalie developed dry macular degeneration which occurs in almost 90 % cases of macular degeneration (Mehta, 2015). Although she is being consuming her medicines on regular basis, due to consistent pain there can be emotional disturbance in her. It leads to the non-adherence to the consumption of medications. Rheumatoid arthritis affects lining of the joints hence it results in the painful swelling. It can lead to bone erosion and joint deformity. In osteoarthritis, pain mainly occurs due to wear and tear of joints. Amalie can experience pain during daily activities like pushing, pulling and twisting. Continuation of the activities despite pain can worsen the pain and it can worsen joint deformity. Pain in the arthritis patients can produce fatigue and loss of appetite (Sarzi-Puttini et al., 2014). Hence, Amalie is consuming less food. Moreover, due to pain she is not following exact schedule for the consumption of her medications. Painful condition and joint immobility can also produce impaired physical mobility. Impaired joint mobility can occur in patients with rheumatoid and osteoarthritis mainly due to stiffness of joints, inflammation of joints and degenerative joint disease. Both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are responsible for the impaired joint mobility because rheumat oid arthritis mainly occurs due to inflammation and osteoarthritis occur due to degeneration of joints. Impaired joint mobility can lead to inability to move body purposefully and inability to perform activities (Shin, Julian and Katz, 2013; Meeus et al., 2012). Vision loss can occur in Amalie due to macular degeneration, age related ocular changes and rheumatoid arthritis. It is evident that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis there can be occurrence of dry eyes (Lim et al., 2012). Pain, impaired physical mobility and vision loss are the three nursing prioritise selected for Amalie. Establish goals: Goals for pain: Amalie will be able to demonstrate improvement in the pain scale from 5 to 3 in one-month period. Amalie will be able to exhibit improvement in mood and coping ability form the pain in one-month period. Goals set for impaired mobility are: Amalie will be able to perform activities like bathing, clothing and cooking independently like other same age people in one-month period. Amalie will learn to use adaptive and supporting devices to walk and climb the stairs within one-month period. Amalie will be able to use protective devices to get protected from risk of injury due to fall within one-month period. Goals for impaired vision: Amalie will be free of injury due to risk of fall caused by impaired vision for a period of one month. Amalie will be able to use call light and verbalize help requirement in one-week period (Gulanick and Myers, 2016). Assess severity of pain in Amalie which can be helpful in the early intervention. Both medical and occupational therapy can be provided to Amalie for improvement in pain scale from 5 to 3 in the pain scale of 0 10. These scales are more reliable sources of pain which can distinguish severity of Pain. Evaluate Amalies response to pain and plan suitable intervention for it. Pain relieving medications and physiotherapy need to be provided to Amalie. In response to pain, there might be emotional disturbance and mood changes in Amalie. Mood of Amalie can be improved and coping with pain can be taught by providing counselling from the psychologist (Walsh and McWilliams, 2014; Durham et al., 2015). It can be helpful in improvement of self-respect and dignity of Amalie. Her cultural background considered while providing counselling to her. Assess level of activity in Amalie which can be helpful in planning suitable intervention. It can also be helpful in identifying potential barriers, henc e suitable supportive devices can be provided to overcome these barriers. Provide devices like wheelchairs, canes, transfer bars and other assistance devices. These devices can be helpful in enhancing activity and reducing danger of fall (da Silva et al., 2015). Demonstrate use of call light to patient. Call light can be useful in alerting nurse, hence there are less chances of fall due to impaired vision and risk of injury (Elliott, McGwin, Kline and Owsley, 2015). Evaluate outcomes: It has been observed that there is improvement in the pain scale in Amalie from 5 to 3 n pain scale by integrated intervention of pain medications and physiotherapy. It is evident that as compared to the individual intervention of pain medication or physiotherapy, integrated intervention can exhibit more effect. Moreover, there is improvement in the mood of Amalie and her coping ability for the pain. Pain is the subjective parameter and its sensitivity can be effectively reduced by improving positive attitude and coping ability of the patient (Sarzi-Puttini et al., 2014; Walsh and McWilliams, 2012). Amalie started performing all the activities of daily living independently and acquired required skills for the utilization of all the assistance devices. As a result, she is using all the devices comfortably and there is reduction in the fall frequency of Amalie. Older people are at higher risk of fall injury; however, with the use of assistance devices fall frequency and related injury can be effectively reduced in the older people (Akese, Adejumo, Ilesanmi, and Obilor, 2014; Krist, Dimeo and Keil, 2013). Amalie learned use of call light and she is using it effectively. Hence, she can avoid vision problem and take assistance of nurse in performing her daily activities. Use of call devices proved to be useful in reducing fall risk in patients with impaired vision (Dev, Paudel, Joshi et al., 2014). I now understand that rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and macular degeneration can adversely affect activities of daily living in patients. Hence, it is necessary to provide them with support and train these patients to carry out their activities. I had more knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, I would have understood the impact these conditions on activities of daily living in patents. It is well established that support for the daily activities of these patients in the early stage can reduce burden disease on patient. I now understand that pain can have both physical and emotional disturbance in the patient. I would have initiated psychological counselling in patient in the early stage of care (Carpenito, 2013). Conclusion: Using Levett-Jones clinical reasoning cycle and Millers Functional Consequences Theory, information related to Amalies condition like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, macular degeneration and hypothyroidism is collected. Based on the collection of information and processing of information, three cares prioritise like pain, impaired physical mobility and impaired vision are the three cares prioritise identified. For each of these cares prioritise, goals were set. Based on the established goals, actions were taken for assessment and provision of care. In pain management, severity of pain is reduced and mood of Amalie improved due to reduction in pain. In impaired physical mobility management, Amalie performing daily activities independently and using assistance devices effectively. In impaired vision management, Amalie learned to use call light and reduced frequency of fall. Hence, it proved that application of Using Levett-Jones clinical reasoning cycle and Millers Functional Con sequences Theory in older people like Amalie is useful in providing stepwise approach for providing effective care to the patient. Since, all the steps taken in the established framework, this care plan can be considered as valid plan for patients like Amalie. References: Akese, M.I., Adejumo, P.O., Ilesanmi, R.E., and Obilor, H.N. (2014). Assessment of nurses' knowledge on evidence-based preventive practices for pressure ulcer risk reduction in patients with impaired mobility. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 43(3), 251-8. Abhishek, A., and Doherty, M. (2013). Diagnosisand clinical presentation ofosteoarthritis. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America, 39(1), 45-66. Carpenito, L. J. (2013). Nursing Care Plans: Transitional Patient Family Centered Care. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. da Silva, Dev, M.K., Paudel, N., Joshi, N.D., Shah, D.N., and Subba, S. (2014). Durham, C.O., Fowler, T., Donato, A., Smith, W., and Jensen, E. (2015). Elliott, A.F., McGwin, G., Kline, L.B., and Owsley, C. Vision ImpairmentAmong Older Adults Residing in Subsidized Housing Communities. Gerontologist, 55(1), S108-17. Gulanick, M., and Myers, J.L. (2016). Nursing Care Plans - E-Book: Nursing Diagnosis and Intervention. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hunter, S. (Ed). (2016). Millers nursing for wellness in older adults (2 nd Australia and New Zealand ed.) North Ryde, NSW: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins. Krist, L., Dimeo, F., and Keil, T. (2013). Can progressive resistance training twice a week improvemobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in very elderlynursing-home residents withimpairedmobility? A pilot study. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 8, 443-8. Kourilovitch, M., Galarza-Maldonado, C., and Ortiz-Prado, E. (2014). Diagnosisand classification ofrheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Autoimmunity, 48-49, 26-30. Kung, T.N., and Bykerk, V.P. (2014). Detecting the earliest signs ofrheumatoid arthritis:symptomsand examination. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America, 40(4), 669-83. Levett-Jones, T. (Ed.). (2013). Clinical reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson. Lim, L.S., Mitchell, P., Seddon, J., Holz, F.G., and Wong, T.Y. (2012). Age-relatedmacular degeneration. Lancet, 379(9827), 1728-38. MacDonald, K.V., Sanmartin, C., Langlois, K., and Marshall, D.A. (2014). Symptomonset,diagnosisand management ofosteoarthritis. Health Reports, 25(9), 10-7. Meeus, M., Vervisch, S., De Clerck, L.S., Moorkens, G., Hans, G., and Nijs, J. (2012). Mehta, S. (2015). Age-RelatedMacular Degeneration. Primary Care, 42(3), 377-91 Sarzi-Puttini, P., Salaffi, F., Di Franco, M., Bazzichi, L., Cassisi, G., Casale, R., Cazzola, M., Stisi, S., Battellino, M., and Atzeni, F. (2014). Shin, S.Y., Julian, L., and Katz, P. (2013). The relationship between cognitive function andphysicalfunction in rheumatoidarthritis. Journal of Rheumatology, 40(3), 236-43. Walsh, D.A., and McWilliams, D.F. (2014). Mechanisms, impact andmanagementofpaininrheumatoid arthritis. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 10(10), 581-92. Walsh, D.A., and McWilliams, D.F. (2012). Paininrheumatoid arthritis. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 16(6), 509-17.